100th Anniversary of World War I

100th Anniversary of World War I

100 years ago today, on April 6, 1917, the United States declared war on Germany.

Like other communities across the country, New Rochelle residents did their part to support the Americans fighting overseas by raising money for liberty bonds, buying War Stamps, mobilizing Red Cross volunteers to make bandages, conserving food and energy, and lending patriotic fervor to boost morale.

Unlike other American municipalities, New Rochelle’s World War I years were unique:

1. Fort Slocum, the country’s largest military recruiting depot east of the Mississippi, was located just off New Rochelle’s shore on Davids Island.
2. New Rochelle was home to a great number of the nation’s leading illustrators, many of whom lent their talent to the earliest, largest propaganda campaign the world had ever experienced.
3. The community’s historic ties to France and our “Mother City” of La Rochelle led to a wartime bond between the two cities, and an enormous war relief effort.

A hard cover book, New Rochelle: Her Part in the Great War, was published by resident Conde B. Pallen, the publisher of the Catholic Encyclopedia, in 1920. It included “historical and biographical sketches of individuals and organizations who rendered valuable service to their country during the great World War.” Two thousand copies were printed before the type was destroyed. Fortunately, a scanned version can be found on-line today. Copies are also available for viewing in the Library’s E.L. Doctorow Local History Room. The book concludes with a listing of New Rochelle men who served in the war and a listing of all those who died in WWI active duty. Scans of those pages can be viewed here. We’ve also included an annotated list of the New Rochelle men and the one woman who died while in active duty, can be found here.

Photographs of many of those who died in active duty are part of the Library’s Local History collection. Forty metal plate photographs of New Rochelle men killed in World War I were first exhibited at the former New Rochelle Public Library, on Main Street and Pintard Avenue, in 1938. The plates were created from professional studio portraits. In some cases, military uniforms were “added.”  In 2010 the Friends of the New Rochelle Public Library provided a grant to have digital reproduction made of the plates, and to have the plates professionally conserved. The digitized images, as well as scanned images of the original studio portraits can be seen here.

Barbara Davis, now City Historian, wrote an article about a unique and highly significant WWI event that occurred in New Rochelle in December, 1918. Click here to read her articles, which appeared in the Standard Star newspaper on December 15 and 22, 1994.

For fun, we thought we’d share a few recipes from the “Women’s Club of New Rochelle War Time Cookbook.”  Liver Balls or Baked Beef Heart, anyone?  A hard copy of the cookbook is part of the Library’s Local History Collection.

Lou Gehrig's New Rochelle Wedding

Lou Gehrig's New Rochelle Wedding

On this day, September 29, in 1933, New Rochelle resident and Yankee great Lou Gehrig married Eleanor Twitchell in their 5 Circuit Road apartment in New Rochelle.  Why did the celebrity choose his apartment for the big day? This is one of New Rochelle best stories!

From baseball-fever.com

Although the rugged, handsome bachelor was one of the most eligible bachelors of the day, his mother, “Mom” Gehrig, held the apron strings tightly. When she wasn’t in the kitchen cooking-up fried chicken and pickled eels for her son and his teammates, she was with her son at batting practice, games at Yankee Stadium, spring training camp, or on road trips. She kept a tight control on who he could – or most of the time, couldn’t date. 

In the ninth year of his career, at the age of 29, Gehrig fell head over heels for a young Chicago sophisticate, Eleanor Twitchell. That year, during the World Series against the Cubs, “Gehrig was a ball team by himself,” Fred Lieb wrote in Baseball as I Have Known It. “He had nine hits, including three home runs and a double. He scored nine runs and drove in eight. All Chicago, including Eleanor Twitchell, thrilled at this outstanding performance. The next thing we heard, Lou and Eleanor were engaged.”

“Mom” Gehrig was not happy. But, as Lou told Lieb, “She broke up some of my earlier romances and she isn’t going to break up this one.” Twitchell found an apartment at 5 Circuit Road, not far from the Gehrigs’ Meadow Lane home, and began planning her wedding – a small but “classy” affair that was to be held at the Long Island home of her aunt and uncle. The event was slated for the evening after the last game of the 1933 season, on September 29th.

On the day before the wedding, amid crates of furniture, the bride-to-be was unpacking moving boxes and supervising workmen at the Circuit Road apartment. “Suddenly, Lou came rushing in and tossed a bombshell in the middle of the mess,” she wrote in her autobiography. “. . . his mother had gone berserk . . . And this time, he didn’t fumble the ball. He picked up the phone, called the mayor of New Rochelle, and told him to bring a marriage license and make it fast.” 

Mayor Walter C.G. Otto did, accompanied by the roar of motorcycles driven by New Rochelle’s finest. With plumbers, carpet-layers and cops watching “at strict military attention,” Otto “intoned the words that made this unlikely looking couple man and wife. One day early.” After a toast with tepid champagne, the newlyweds were escorted to Yankee Stadium by the motorcycle caravan. Gehrig announced the marriage to the press, donned his pinstripes and played an errorless game against the Washington Senators.

Contributor: Barbara Davis, City Historian and Community Relations Coordinator at NRPL. 

Olympics: New Rochelle's Stars, Part III

Olympics: New Rochelle's Stars
Birthday Bio

Another previous Olympiad with distinct ties to New Rochelle is also our featured Birthday Bio for this week. It is a compelling Olympics story, as our local history intern Michael Weaver reveals:

 

Marty Glickman was born on August 14, 1917, to a family of Jewish immigrants from Romania. Known as a child to be the fastest kid on the block, he excelled as a track and football star at James Madison High School and Syracuse University. At eighteen years of age, he planned to make his place in history as a sprinter in the 1936 Summer Olympics. Unfortunately, it was not to be. The Olympics that year were held in Berlin during the days of Nazi Germany, and the head of the U.S. Olympic team did not want to offend Adolf Hitler by bringing in a Jewish athlete. Glickman and Sam Stoller, another Jewish athlete, were replaced by Jesse Owens and Ralph Metcalfe, and never again were they allowed the opportunity to take part. (Jesse Owens would become the first American track & field athlete to win four gold medals in a single Olympiad, magnificently triumphing over Hitler’s claims of Aryan racial superiority.)

Marty’s career did not end there, however, and he became the premier sports announcer in New York, commentating on the Knicks for twenty-one years, the Giants for twenty-three years, the Yonkers Raceway for twelve years, the Jets for eleven years, and finally received a plaque as compensation for the gold medal he was likely to win in 1936 from the Olympic Commission in 1998. Glickman spent most of his later years in New Rochelle, until his death from complications from heart surgery in 2001. Glickman received one of the most egregious snubs in Olympic history, but managed to recover and make his mark on sports history nonetheless.

You can read Marty’s very own account of the 1936 Olympics incident on the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum’s website.